Hamka himself in his youth was to some extent socially a victim of Minangkabau traditional society. 99 During the Japanese occupation of Indonesia the father took an especially strong stand against the veneration of the Emperor which the Japanese tried to force upon the Indonesians, but which he declared to be sinful for a true believer. Hamka (the name is an abbreviation of Hadji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah) was born in 1908 in Manindjau (West Sumatra), the son of Dr Abdul Karim Amrullah, 98who was a famous Moslem reformist leader from Minangkabau. Particular mention should be made of Hamka, one of Indonesia’s most prolific writers on Islamic religious subjects, who also produced some works of literary art.
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